Emergency lighting has one job: when the power fails, it lights the way out. BS 5266-1 sets out how it should be tested, and your fire risk assessor will expect to see records. Here is what needs doing and how often.
Monthly functional test
Each month, every emergency light should be switched into emergency mode for a short period to prove that the lamp lights and the battery takes over. On most systems this is done with a key switch near the distribution board that simulates a mains failure.
- Turn the key switch and walk the building, checking each fitting lights.
- Keep the test short so the batteries are not significantly drained.
- Restore the supply and check that the charging indicators come back on.
- Record the date, the result and any failed fittings in the logbook.
Annual full-duration test
Once a year, each fitting must run for its full rated duration, usually three hours. This proves that the battery can still hold a charge for as long as it needs to.
- Plan it for a time when the building can cope without emergency lighting for the next 24 hours while the batteries recharge, or test alternate fittings on different days.
- Check every fitting is still lit at the end of the duration.
- Record failures and arrange for batteries or fittings to be replaced.
Self-test systems
Self-test fittings carry out their own monthly and annual tests and show their status with an indicator. They still need someone to check the indicators and record the results. Addressable systems report back to a central panel or software, which can produce reports automatically.
Common failures
- Batteries that pass the monthly test but fail at the annual duration test.
- Fittings painted over or obstructed by signs and shelving.
- Exit signs pointing the wrong way after a refit.
- New partitions that leave part of a route without coverage.
Who can do the tests?
A trained member of staff can carry out the monthly test. The annual test, and any design changes, should be done or overseen by a competent person who can certify the system to BS 5266-1.
This guide is general information about UK fire safety law and standards, not legal advice for a specific building. If you are unsure what applies to yours, ask us or a qualified adviser.